水仙茶詳解
- vkhong
- 5 days ago
- 5 min read
水仙茶詳解|武夷岩韻中的沉穩花木香

一、水仙茶的歷史與名稱由來
水仙茶,為中國六大茶類中烏龍茶(青茶)的重要代表之一,尤以武夷岩茶·水仙最負盛名。其名稱「水仙」,並非源於花卉香精或外加香氣,而是古人以花名比擬其幽雅、沉穩而不浮誇的天然香型,屬於傳統文人審美下的命名方式。
關於水仙的起源,普遍認為可追溯至清代中後期(約18–19世紀)。福建武夷山一帶茶農,從當地大葉茶樹群體中,選育出葉片厚實、內質豐富、適合中重度焙火的品系,逐漸形成今日所稱之「水仙品種」。由於其適製性高、產量相對穩定,水仙也成為武夷岩茶中歷史最悠久、栽培面積最廣的品類之一。
二、產地與主要製作區域
核心產區
福建省武夷山風景區內岩區(正岩)
半岩、洲茶區亦有生產,但風味層次明顯不同
環境特色
丹霞地貌,岩縫土壤富含礦物質
終年雲霧繚繞,日夜溫差大
排水良好、根系深扎岩隙
此類環境造就水仙茶特有的岩骨花香:不是高揚的花香,而是沉穩、內斂、持久的香氣表現。
三、水仙茶的製作工序(詳述)
水仙茶屬於中至重度氧化、焙火型烏龍茶,製作過程極為講究:
採摘
以成熟度較高的一心二至三葉為主
葉片厚、纖維感強,利於後續焙火轉化
萎凋(日光+室內)
日光短暫萎凋,使葉質柔軟
室內靜置,促進水分均衡散失
做青(搖青/浪青)
關鍵步驟
透過反覆搖動,使葉緣微破、氧化集中於邊緣
形成香氣與滋味的骨架
殺青
高溫迅速終止氧化
固定香氣走向
揉捻
使茶汁內斂、條索緊結
初焙與複焙
決定水仙風味深度
多為中焙至重焙
帶來木質、熟果、焙火甜香
靜置退火(養茶)
使火氣沉澱
口感更圓潤穩定
四、茶葉外觀與風味特徵
茶葉外觀
條索粗壯、緊實
色澤深褐帶油潤感
葉片成熟度高
香氣
木質香、熟果香、淡淡花香
焙火香內斂,不刺鼻
湯感與滋味
茶湯橙紅或琥珀色
入口厚實、滑順
回甘慢而持久
喉韻深長,耐泡度高
五、健康益處(一般茶學觀點)
含多酚與茶胺酸,有助於抗氧化
焙火後刺激性較低,對腸胃相對溫和
有助於提神而不躁
適量飲用可幫助餐後解膩
六、中醫角度的適宜人群
適合
體質偏寒、易手腳冰冷者
飲食油膩、消化較慢者
長時間用腦、精神勞動者
不建議大量飲用
體質燥熱、易口乾舌燥者
空腹狀態
對焙火型茶極為敏感者
(任何體質皆以「適量」為原則。)
七、水仙茶的沖泡詳解(重點)
一、茶器擺放
茶盤中央:主操作區
右上:茶海/公道杯
右下:茶壺(230–350 ml)
左側:四只小品茗杯
前方可放置廢水碗

二、溫壺溫杯
將水煮至完全沸騰
注入茶壺與茶杯
旋轉、溫熱後倒入廢水碗
目的:
提升器皿溫度
穩定後續萃取

三、投茶量建議
230–350 ml 茶壺:8–10 克
葉片條索粗壯,不宜過少
原則:
水仙靠「厚度與結構」展現,不靠少量取香。

四、水溫控制(重點)
理想水溫:98–100°C
無溫度計判斷法:
水面劇烈翻滾
氣泡由底部連續湧出
注水時聲音清脆有力
水溫不足,香氣無法打開,湯感會空。

五、沖泡時間與次數
第一泡(醒茶)
5–8 秒
快速出水
不飲或少量品嚐
第二泡(正式品飲)
10–15 秒
香氣與結構開始完整呈現
第三至第五泡
每泡遞增 5–10 秒
湯感最穩定
可沖泡次數
約 6–8 泡(視茶質而定)

六、分茶
茶湯先入公道杯
再平均分至四杯
確保每杯濃淡一致

八、結語
水仙茶不是張揚的茶。它講究的是時間、火候與耐心。當你願意慢下來,它會給你一種沉穩而可靠的回應。
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Shuixian Oolong Tea Explained|A Calm and Structured Wuyi Rock Tea
(The English version below fully mirrors the Chinese content in structure and meaning.)

1. History and Name Origin
Shuixian is a classic representative of Oolong tea, best known as Wuyi Rock Shuixian. The name “Shuixian” (Water Immortal) does not indicate added floral scent. Instead, it reflects the traditional Chinese habit of using floral imagery to describe a tea’s natural elegance and refined aroma.
Its origin can be traced back to the mid–late Qing dynasty (18th–19th century), when tea farmers in Wuyi selected mature-leaf tea plants suitable for medium to heavy roasting. Over time, Shuixian became one of the most widely planted and historically established Wuyi rock teas.
2. Origin and Producing Areas
Core Regions
Zhengyan (core rock area) of Wuyi Mountain, Fujian
Semi-rock and outer regions also produce Shuixian, with lighter depth
Environmental Features
Mineral-rich rocky soil
High humidity and mist
Strong root penetration into rock crevices
These conditions create the signature “rock bone and floral depth” character.
3. Processing Steps (Detailed)
Shuixian is a medium-to-heavy oxidised, roasted oolong, involving:
Plucking mature leaves
Sun and indoor withering
Repeated shaking (yaoqing)
Kill-green to stop oxidation
Rolling
Initial and repeated roasting
Resting to allow fire to settle
4. Leaf Appearance and Taste Profile
Thick, tightly rolled leaves
Dark brown with oily sheen
Aromas of wood, ripe fruit, gentle floral tones
Amber to reddish tea liquor
Full-bodied, smooth, long-lasting aftertaste
5. Health Benefits (General Perspective)
Rich in polyphenols and amino acids
Lower irritation due to roasting
Supports alertness without sharp stimulation
Helps digestion after heavy meals
6. Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective
Suitable for
Cold-prone constitutions
Those with sluggish digestion
Mental workers and long study hours
Not recommended in excess for
Heat-prone constitutions
Empty stomach
Highly roast-sensitive individuals
7. Brewing Shuixian Tea (Key Section)
Teaware Arrangement (White Porcelain)
Centre: working space
Upper right: fairness cup
Lower right: teapot (230–350 ml)
Left: four tasting cups
Waste water bowl in front

Warming the Teaware
Bring water to a full boil
Rinse pot and cups
Discard water

Tea Leaf Amount
8–10 g for 230–350 ml
Shuixian requires sufficient leaf volume

Water Temperature
Ideal: 98–100°C
Without a thermometer:
Rapid rolling boil
Continuous bubbling from the base
Strong, crisp pouring sound

Brewing Time and Rounds
First brew (awakening): 5–8 seconds
Second brew (main flavour): 10–15 seconds
Subsequent brews: +5–10 seconds each
Total: 6–8 brews

Pouring
Pour into fairness cup first
Distribute evenly into four cups

Closing
Shuixian is not a tea of instant impact.It rewards patience, heat, and attention.When brewed with care, it offers depth, calmness, and structure.
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中文|茶學與品茗教育
聯絡:WhatsApp +6012-423 3350 | hibiscus.academy.kl@gmail.com | 地點:HIBISCUS ACADEMY,182-1A Jalan Tun HS Lee,50000 Kuala Lumpur。
🍃 小知識:其實不懂茶類也能泡好茶——掌握三點即可:水溫影響風味(清香型水稍降、濃厚型用沸水)、茶葉不是越多越好、第一泡是「醒茶」不是浪費,第二泡才是真正的風味開始。
English | Tea Education & Learning
Contact: WhatsApp +6012-423 3350 | hibiscus.academy.kl@gmail.com | Venue: HIBISCUS ACADEMY, 182-1A Jalan Tun HS Lee, 50000 Kuala Lumpur.
🍃 Quick tip: You don’t need to know tea types to brew good tea—just remember three things: water temperature shapes flavour (lighter teas prefer cooler water, fuller teas need boiling water), more leaves don’t mean better taste, and the first brew wakes the tea before the real flavour begins.






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